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American Diabetes Alert Day is a reminder for men to take a closer look at their risk for type 2 diabetes and how they’re managing their health. While lifestyle factors like diet and exercise play a big role in preventing and managing diabetes, there’s growing interest in how hormones — specifically testosterone — may impact blood sugar control.
Research suggests a link between low testosterone and type 2 diabetes, and some studies indicate that testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) could help improve certain diabetes-related outcomes.
Let’s explore how testosterone affects blood sugar, what the research says, and what men should know about potential treatment options.
The Link Between Low Testosterone and Diabetes
Roughly 36.5% of men with type 2 diabetes have low testosterone, and it’s not a coincidence. Testosterone plays a role in how the body uses insulin, the hormone responsible for regulating blood sugar levels. When testosterone levels are low, the body may have a harder time processing glucose, which can lead to insulin resistance — a major contributor to diabetes.
In fact, research shows that men with low testosterone are more likely to develop diabetes compared to those with healthy hormone levels. Low testosterone has also been linked to:
- Increased abdominal fat, which contributes to insulin resistance.
- Decreased muscle mass, leading to slower metabolism and higher blood sugar levels.
- Higher levels of inflammation, which can worsen insulin resistance over time.
If you’re struggling with diabetes or prediabetes, it may be worth asking your doctor about checking your testosterone levels.
Can TRT Improve Blood Sugar Control?
The big question for many men is whether testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) can actually help with diabetes management. While TRT isn’t a cure for diabetes, some studies suggest that it may play a supportive role in improving blood sugar levels and reducing insulin resistance in men with low testosterone.
One long-term study followed men with low testosterone and type 2 diabetes over 11 years. Researchers found that men who received TRT saw significant improvements in their blood sugar control. In fact:
- Over 30% of men with type 2 diabetes on TRT achieved diabetes remission, meaning their blood sugar returned to healthy levels without the need for medication.
- Those on TRT also experienced improvements in insulin sensitivity and lower fasting glucose levels, which are key markers of diabetes management.
- The men who did not receive testosterone treatment continued to see their blood sugar levels worsen over time.
Another systematic review and meta-analysis confirmed similar findings, suggesting that TRT can help improve HbA1c levels, which is a measure of long-term blood sugar control.
How Testosterone Supports Blood Sugar Management
Testosterone plays a direct role in several areas that affect blood sugar regulation. When levels are balanced, testosterone can help:
Improve Insulin Sensitivity: This means your body can use insulin more effectively to regulate blood sugar levels.
Reduce Abdominal Fat: Lowering belly fat can improve how your body handles glucose and insulin.
Increase Muscle Mass: More muscle helps burn glucose for energy, keeping blood sugar in check.
Decrease Inflammation: Chronic inflammation is a key factor in diabetes, and testosterone may help reduce it.
By addressing these factors, TRT may provide men with another tool to better manage their diabetes alongside diet, exercise, and medications.
Are You at Risk for Low Testosterone?
If you have prediabetes and low testosterone, you may notice symptoms that impact your daily life. Some common signs of low testosterone include:
- Constant fatigue: Feeling tired even after a full night’s sleep
- Unexplained weight gain: Especially around the abdomen, which can worsen insulin resistance
- Mood changes: Low testosterone can contribute to depression and anxiety
- Decreased motivation and focus: Many men with low T report trouble concentrating or feeling driven.
Since testosterone isn’t usually checked during routine doctor visits, you may need to ask specifically for a test if you’re experiencing these symptoms.
Other Ways to Support Healthy Testosterone and Blood Sugar Levels
While TRT may offer benefits for men with low testosterone, it’s not the only solution. Lifestyle changes can make a significant difference in both testosterone levels and diabetes management. Here are a few strategies to consider:
Improve Your Diet
Certain foods can support both blood sugar and testosterone production. Consider adding:
- Healthy fats, like avocados and nuts, which provide the building blocks for hormone production.
- Lean protein, to help maintain muscle mass and insulin sensitivity.
- Fiber-rich foods, such as vegetables and whole grains, to slow down blood sugar spikes.
Avoiding processed foods, sugary snacks, and excess alcohol can also help regulate blood sugar and hormone balance.
Stay Active
Exercise is one of the best ways to naturally boost testosterone and improve insulin sensitivity. Strength training is particularly effective at boosting testosterone, while the American Diabetes Association recommends getting 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week.
Manage Stress
Chronic stress leads to increased levels of cortisol, which can suppress testosterone and contribute to insulin resistance. Techniques such as meditation, deep breathing, and spending time outdoors can help lower stress levels.
Prioritize Sleep
Getting 7-9 hours of quality sleep each night is crucial for hormone regulation. Poor sleep has been linked to lower testosterone levels and increased blood sugar problems.
Is TRT Right for You?
Testosterone replacement therapy may be an option if you have been diagnosed with low testosterone and type 2 diabetes, but it’s important to speak with your healthcare provider. A blood test can determine if your testosterone levels are below normal, and your doctor can discuss whether TRT might be a helpful addition to your diabetes management plan.
Taking Charge of Your Health on Diabetes Alert Day
As Diabetes Alert Day encourages men to take a proactive approach to their health, it’s a great time to consider whether low testosterone could be affecting your diabetes management. While TRT isn’t a one-size-fits-all solution, it may offer benefits for men struggling with blood sugar control and symptoms of low testosterone.
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